I. WHAT IS DEATH?
- 1. Death is a return (Gen 3:17-19).
"Dust thou art, and unto dust shalt thou return."
| Psa. 146:2-4 |
|
|
|
Eccl 3:19,20 |
| Job 34:14,15 |
|
|
|
Eccl 12:1-7 |
Death is a return of the person, of the body, and of the spirit.
- 2. Death is the opposite of life, or the absence of life, not life in some other form or
place.
| 2 Ki 20:1 |
|
|
|
"thou that die and not live" |
| Rev 20:4-6 |
|
|
|
"the dead live not until" |
| Num 4:19 |
|
|
|
"that they may live, and not die" |
| Psa 13:3 |
|
|
|
"lest I sleep the sleep of death" |
| 1 Th 4:13-18 |
|
|
|
"them that are asleep" |
| Dan 12:2 |
|
|
|
"them that sleep in the dust" |
Both the righteous and the unrighteous are said to be asleep when they are dead.
| 1 Co 15:26 |
|
|
|
"the last enemy abolished is death" |
II. WHERE ARE THE DEAD?
- 1. They are all in one place (Eccl 3:19,20).
| Psa 22:15 |
|
|
|
Job 7:21 |
| Gen 3:19 |
|
compare |
|
Gen 2:7 |
- 2. Their place is one of silence and repose.
| Job 3:11-22 |
|
|
|
Psa 115:17 |
|
| Psa 88:10-12 |
|
|
|
Eccl 9:10 |
|
- 3. They are not with Christ in heaven.
The statement that David ascended not into the heavens is made after the resurrection
and ascension of our Lord Jesus Christ.
The only way believers get to be with the Lord is by His coming for them. See 1 Thes
4:16-17, "so shall we ever be with the Lord." Also John 14:3, "I will come
again and receive you to Myself; that where I am, there ye may be also." Death is
never said to take one to be with the Lord.
- 4. The dead are in their graves.
| John 5:28-29 |
|
|
|
"all who are in their graves" |
| Dan 12:2 |
|
|
|
"them that sleep in the dust" |
| Isa 26:19 |
|
|
|
"ye that dwell in the dust" |
In the Word of God the dead are always said to be where their bodies are.
III. WHAT IS THE STATE OF THE DEAD?
| 1 The 4:13-18 |
|
|
|
1 Cor 15:51-57 |
| Acts 7:60 |
|
compare |
|
Acts 8:2 |
| John 11:11 |
|
compare |
|
John 11:14 |
| 1 Cor 15:3-20 |
|
|
|
Dan 12:2 |
The Scriptures never speak of the sleep of the soul, nor of the sleep of the body. They
always speak of the sleep of the person with reference to death. The sleep of
death obliterates the interval between this life and the next, in so far as consciousness
is concerned.
- 2. They praise not the Lord nor exercise mental powers.
| Psa 6:5 |
|
Psa 115:17 |
|
Psa 8:10-12 |
| Eccl 9:4-6 |
|
Psa 146:4 |
|
Isa 38:18,19 |
- 3. They do not live until the resurrection.
| Rev 20:4-6 |
|
|
|
1 Cor 15:12-21 |
IV. WHAT COMFORTING ASSURANCE DOES GOD GIVE
CONCERNING THE DEAD?
- 1. That they will all be resurrected.
| John 5:28-29 |
|
|
|
Rev 20:11-15 |
- 2. That they will all ultimately receive fulness of life through the saving work of
Jesus Christ.
| 1 Cor 15:22-28 |
|
|
|
1 Tim 2:3-6 |
| Rom 5:18,19 |
|
|
|
1 Tim 4:9-11 |
WHAT ABOUT THE IMMORTALITY OF THE SOUL?
The Scriptures never speak of the "immortality of the soul." On the contrary
there are many places where the soul is said to die. See Isa 53:12; Ezek 18:4,20; Psa
78:50; Psa 116:1-8; Mat 26:38; etc.
The word "immortality" occurs altogether only three times in the original
Scriptures:
| 1 Tim 6:13-16 |
|
|
|
"Christ only hath immortality" |
| 1 Cor 15:53 |
|
|
|
"this mortal must put on immortality" |
| 1 Cor 15:54 |
|
|
|
"this mortal shall have put on immortality" |
Believers receive immortality when, not before, Jesus Christ returns. Faith in
Christ as Saviour does not swallow up death in victory. Even believers are said to be dead
(1 Thes 4:16, "the dead in Christ"; 1 Cor 15:51,52; John 11:25). For believers,
death is swallowed up in victory when Jesus Christ returns and raises the dead and
transforms the living. See 1 Cor 15:54-57.
The teaching that man is inherently immortal robs Jesus Christ of glory that belongs to
Him for it is only through Him and His saving work that man receives immortality.
"Death of the body" and "resurrection of the body" are expressions
not to be found in the Scriptures. Death is of the person. Resurrection is of the
person. In the Scriptures the person is said to die. See Deut 10:6; Josh
1:2; Josh 24:33; 1 Sam 4:17-19; Rom 5:6; etc.)
THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN THE SOUL AND THE SPIRIT
The Scriptures distinguish clearly between the spirit and the soul. The spirit and the
breath are closely related as may be seen in the expression "the breath of the spirit
of life" (Gen 7:22, R.S.V. or marginal reading; 2 Sam 22:16; Psa 18:15; Isa 42:5).
The spirit is that invisible life force from God which when united with the body produces
the consciousness, the sensation, the ego. The soul is the consciousness, the sensation,
the ego (Isa 29:8; Gen 42:21; Deut 12:15-23; Job 10:1; Job 21:25; Psa 43:5; Psa 107:18;
etc.). The soul of the flesh is said to be in the blood (Lev 17:11; Gen 9:4; etc.). The
word translated life in these passages is the Hebrew word for soul, nephesh[1].
An electric light serves as a good illustration of the difference between the body, the
soul, and the spirit. Let the bulb and its filament, which is made from the elements out
of the earth, represent the body. Let the electricity, an invisible force, represent the
spirit. Let the light and heat produced by the union of the electricity with the bulb,
represent the soul. When the connection is broken the light goes out. Out where? To the
unseen or unperceived.
When God created man, He formed him out of the dust of the ground. He then breathed
into his nostrils the breath of life and as a result man became a living soul
(Gen 2:7).
Death is a reversal of what happened in the creation. At death, the spirit (not the
consciousness, but the force from God which when united with the body produces it) returns
to God from whence it came. The soul (the sensation, the consciousness, the ego) dies. The
body returns to the dust and the person is dead until resurrection.
The spirit, the soul, and the person go to different places at death. The spirit
returns to God (Eccl 12:7). The soul goes to Hades (Acts 2:27). The person is said to be
in the grave (John 5:28). When our Lord Jesus Christ died His spirit went to God (Luke
23:46); His soul went to Hades[2] (Acts 2:22-32); He, Himself, is said to
have been in the tomb during the days He was dead (1 Cor 15:3,4; Mat 12:40).
Failure to grasp the truth concerning death strikes at the very heart of the gospel.
Whatever the wages of sin is, Jesus Christ endured it to the full, in order to become
man's Saviour. If the wages of sin is eternal punishment, Jesus Christ could not be the
Saviour of anyone, for He did not endure that. If the wages of sin is annihilation, He
could not be the Saviour of anyone, for He did not endure that. "The wages of sin is
death" (Rom 6:23). "Christ died for our sins, was buried and was raised
the third day" (1 Cor 15:1-5).
Failure to recognize the facts concerning death makes resurrection unimportant. If the
dead are alive enjoying the bliss of a better life without a body, what real need is there
for a resurrection? When the facts that the dead are really dead is understood,
resurrection becomes all-important. "If there is no resurrection, let us eat and
drink for tomorrow we die" (1 Cor 15:32). The only scriptural hope for the dead is
resurrection, apart from which there is no further life for them. "The dead live not
until (resurrection)". See Rev 20:4-12 and compare John 5:28,29. Two resurrections
separated by a thousand years are referred to in these passages.
Wrong views concerning death result in wrong views concerning the future punishment of
the wicked. The combined result of this is a teaching that slanders God and dishonors the
Lord Jesus Christ.
There will be wrath and punishment for the wicked but it will fit the crimes and will
accomplish a good purpose (John 5:22,23). God is going to be All in all in due
time (1 Cor 15:28). This is brought about by and through the saving work of Jesus Christ,
Who is the resurrection and the life (John 11:25). There is no life during death, but
through Him all will ultimately receive fulness of life, or immortality. In this manner
death, all death, the first and the second, will be abolished from God's universe (1 Cor
15:22-28). When all have been Justified (Rom 5:18,19), Reconciled to God (Col 1:20), and
Subjected to the Son (1 Cor 15:27,28; Phil 2:9-11; Eph 1:9,10), then the Son will deliver
up a perfected universe to the Father and God will be All in all. Nothing short
of being the Saviour of all men will satisfy Him (1 Tim 4:9-11; 1 Tim 2:3-6)
[1] The Hebrew word for soul, nephesh, is translated in more
than 30 different ways in the Authorized Version. Some examples are as follows: any,
appetite, beast, creature, dead body, desire, fish, ghost, heart, life, lust, man, mind,
mortally, pleasure, will, thing, self, etc. A booklet entitled "What is the Soul?,
which contains all the references to these translations may be had from Concordant Publishing Concern, 15570 Knochaven Road,
Santa Clarita, CA 91350.
[2] Hades and Sheol are different words for the same
place.Hades is the Greek word used in the New Testament and Sheol is the Hebrew
word used in the Old Testament. Compare Psalm 16:10, R.S.V., with Acts 2:27, R.S.V. There
is a close connection between the grave and sheol or hades. Hades
means the unseen or the unperceived. The spirit is never associated with hades in
the Scriptures. It is the soul that goes to hades.
|
